Vitiligo is a skin condition that causes white patches to appear when the skin loses its natural pigment. While it’s not harmful or contagious, it can affect confidence and self-image.
Dermatologists are here to help you understand your options and find the right way to manage your skin and support your well-being.
Forms of Vitiligo:
1. Non-Segmental Vitiligo (NSV)
Also known as generalized vitiligo, this is the most common type. It usually appears symmetrically on both sides of the body and can progress over time. Subtypes include:
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Generalized vitiligo: Widespread, symmetrical patches (e.g., hands, arms, face, feet).
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Acrofacial vitiligo: Affects the face, hands, and feet—especially around the mouth, eyes, and fingers.
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Mucosal vitiligo: Affects the mucous membranes, such as the lips, genitals, or inside the mouth.
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Universal vitiligo: A rare form where 80–90% or more of the body loses pigment.
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Focal vitiligo: One or a few isolated patches that remain localized without spreading for at least 1–2 years (can sometimes be an early form of generalized or segmental vitiligo).
2. Segmental Vitiligo (SV)
Affects only one segment or side of the body (e.g., just one arm or one side of the face). Usually appears early in life and spreads for 6–12 months before stabilizing. Often does not respond well to medical treatments, but surgical options may be more effective.
What is Vitiligo?
Vitiligo is a condition where patches of skin lose their natural pigment, leading to lighter or white areas that can appear anywhere on the body. It happens when the skin’s pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) stop working, often for reasons linked to the immune system. While vitiligo is not harmful or contagious, it can sometimes cause distress or affect self-confidence.
Treatments such as creams, light therapy, and newer targeted options can help restore colour in some cases and reduce the contrast of affected areas. Our dermatologists can guide you through available options and support you in managing this condition.
FAQ’S
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes vitiligo?
Several factors may contribute to the development of vitiligo, including:
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Genetics: Vitiligo can run in families. About 20–30% of people with vitiligo have a close relative who also has the condition.
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Autoimmune diseases: People with vitiligo are more likely to have other autoimmune conditions like thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, or alopecia areata.
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Triggers: Physical or emotional stress, sunburn, or skin injury (known as the Koebner phenomenon) can sometimes trigger or worsen vitiligo.
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Oxidative stress: Some research suggests that imbalances in the body’s natural antioxidants may damage pigment cells.
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Neurogenic factors: In segmental vitiligo, nerve endings might release chemicals that are toxic to melanocytes.
It’s important to remember that vitiligo is not caused by infection, poor hygiene, or anything you did—and it’s definitely not contagious.
Can vitiligo be cured?
There is currently no cure, but there are treatments that can help restore pigment, slow the spread, and improve the appearance of the skin.
Treatment options include topical creams, light therapy (phototherapy), oral medications, and sometimes surgical options like skin grafting. Your dermatologist can discuss the best approach for your skin.
Is vitiligo harmful to my health?
Vitiligo itself is not physically harmful, but it can affect emotional well-being. Supportive care and counseling can help if you’re struggling with the impact on self-esteem.
Will the white patches spread?
In some people, vitiligo remains stable, while in others it may slowly spread. It is important to implement treatment early in the course of vitiligo to prevent spread and maximise the chance of repigmentatin.
